by JimN » 29 Nov 2013, 13:48
EMI studios had two-track (stereo) tape recording in the late 1950s. Cliff's first LP (live in the studio) was recorded in two-track stereo.
Some producers used the two tracks as a form of multi-track. George Martin is particularly known for that "trick", though he wasn't the only one, as a listen to the stereo version of The Shadows' I Want You To Want Me will instantly reveal.
Four-track appears to have arrived (or at least, to be in evidence) at Abbey Road from around the middle of 1963. Martin couldn't (so didn't) use it for the Beatles' first LP. If it had been available to him, he'd have used it. But multitrack on four-track is in evidence on Beatle recordings of late '63, indicating a mid-63 arrival.
It's easiest to use the Beatles' recordings as a timeline reference, mainly because George Martin was so keen to use the technology to the fullest, and also because the group issued two albums per year, with very few recordings being carried over in reserve for the following LP.